Résumé:
Equine races in Algeria, constitute an inheritance biological, cultural and historical inestimable, that it is urgent to preserve and rehabilitate.
However, the deficiency of knowledge concerning diversity and characteristics of equine genetic material in Algeria makes its conservation and its valorization difficult in an effective way, so it is imperative to preserve the genetic variability of Algerian equine races for a better conservation and a better exploitation. In this context we were interested via two axis:
First axis corresponds to an investigation which objects in first step at contributing to the morphological characterization of 3 principal equine races living in Algeria: Barb, Arab-Barb and Arabian horse, this by realization of 27 morphological measurements and from this one the body weight and 3 body indices were calculated and with appreciation of two qualitative parameters which are dress color and muzzle form. Barb has height size of 150, 5 ± 3, 27 cm, body weight of 451, 36 ±24, 47 kg, thoracic perimeter of 176, 85 ± 4, 38 cm, compactness index of 3, 00 ± 0,199 kg/cm. Arabian height size is 147, 25 ± 3, 43 cm, his weight is 873 , 57 ± 16, 22 kg, its perimeter thoracic is 166, 54 ± 7, 59 cm. It presents a compactness index of 2, 6 ± 0, 00. Arab-Barb population resulting from to their crossing is very heterogeneous because of their variable degrees of Arabian horse blood.
Second axis relates initiation to the genetic characterization of Barb and Arabian horse by study of polymorphism of microsatellite marker ASB02 using method of DNA amplification in vitro by PCR, follow-up of an agarose gel electrophoreses.
This work constitutes a first bank of equine DNA in laboratory of Animal Applied Physiology, University of Mostaganem.
