Evaluation de l’activité antibactérienne et antifongique des extraits métaboliques des champignons isolés en pisciculture

Abstract

Natural products have always played an important role in medicine and, in particular, marine metabolites have become increasingly important players in drug discovery. Much of the chemistry of natural products concerns a group of compounds called secondary metabolites. The main objective of our work is to highlight the antimicrobial activity of crude extracts of fungi from aquaculture fish the gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) and the sea bass or sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) against pathogenic bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853) and Escherichia coli (ATCC25922) resistant to antibiotics currently used in clinical practice. This activity was also tested against three fungi: Penicillium sp1, Aspergillus flavus and Alternaria sp. The results obtained show that the genus Penicillium appears as the most important producer of bioactive molecules with three species out of four species tested (75%), followed by the genus Aspergillus (only one species producing bioactive molecules out of four species tested, (25%). The extracts produced by the Penicillium species (Pen lr sp8) proved to be the most active against two bacteria: (Gram +) and (Gram -), but also on the three fungal strains tested, so it has an antibacterial effect and antifungal at the same time. These secondary metabolites with effective activities can be further purified and studied for pharmacological studies.