Etude épidémiologique d’une maladie multifactorielle ; l’hypertension artérielle (HTA) dans une population d’une société nationale (SONATRACH)

Abstract

The objective of this work was to describe the personal and family characteristics of patients with hypertension through an epidemiological survey, carried out from the health files of workers at FELAOUSSANE ORAN SONATRACH Social Medical Center. We looked for risk factors that would have a direct or indirect relationship on the onset of the disease, such as obesity, family history of hypertension, other pathologies, lack of physical exercise, an unbalanced diet with an unbalanced diet. excessive use of salt. To do this, we studied the files of workers (and retired) and we filled out information sheets for patients, who consulted with the cardiologist, during my internship this enabled us to identify 42 cases with hypertension. We noted: gender, age, BMI, existence of family history, other medical history. We found that 52.4% of men have high blood pressure compared to 47.6% of women giving a sex ratio of 1.09. The age of the patients which ranged from 28 years to 77 years, with an average of 54.83 years and a BMI which varies between 18.94 and 35.38 kg / m2 with an average of 26.04 ± 3.72 kg / m2. We find a family history of hypertension in 90.5% of patients, 54.5% of men have diabetes against 45% of women We also noted that among the 42 patients 36% practice physical activities, 42% of patients consume excess, of salt versus 56% consume excess, of sugar. We used the IBM SPSS statistics software, version 20 (SPSS, Chicago, IL, USA) for the entry and processing of our data, the statistical analyzes carried out: For the quantitative variables (age, BMI) we determined the parameters of reduction and position: means and standard deviations as well as extreme values (maximum and minimum). Then For the qualitative variables, we calculated the numbers and percentages. The Chi-square test when the numbers are low was used to search for statistical links between the parameters; we retained P <0.05 as the statistically significant threshold.