تاثير إستخدام التدريب المتباين في تنمية القدرة العضلية وتحسين التصويب بالارتقاء لدى لاعبي كرة اليد14-16سنة

Abstract

Abstract :

Muscle power is one of the most important physical attributes needed by

the handball player in all its forms ( maximum strength and explosiveness

and power characteristic force as quickly ) and that supported the skills of

the game defensive and offensive , as is the latter ( distinctive strengths

speed ) of the important physical elements in football hand , Flaab handball

needed when applied skills , especially those that require maximum force

in the shortest time and among these skills , and hence the development of

this component is a prerequisite reflected positively on the development

and improvement of these skills .

The research aims to develop a proposal and a training program to

identify the extent of its influence by using differential training for the

development of muscle power and improve the correction upgrading the

research sample method.

The imposition of the research, it statistically significant differences

between the pre-test and the results show the post to my eyes search the

control and experimental in all the tests that were made and the statistical

significance is in favor of the experimental group in the post-test , and that

this training program positively affects the muscle ability and improve

development correction upgrading.

And included a sample Find players school sports, especially handball for

the secondary team Colonel Lotfi Amiriya circle Aïn Témouchent Province

and who was number 28 player , was excluded 8 players to become each

group 10 players representing the amount of 27% of the research

community.

And the application of the proposed training program in secondary

Colonel Lotfi El-Amiria circle . The program took 8 weeks by two units

training in the week and was training module 30 minutes time.

The researchers prepared a series of tests and was presented to a group of

professors and doctors Gather Institute and the suitability for achieving the

objective of the test.

And after the program application fully test results were collected and

processed statistically and presented and discussed scientific manner in

order to know that the test succeeded.

And the researchers concluded that a set of conclusions , including :

- Experimental sample got the best of the control sample in the post tests

results under consideration.

- There are significant differences were statistically significant differences between samples of the control and experimental research in the pretest and posttest for post-test experimental group that dish out the proposed training program.

And researcher recommended a set of recommendations, including : - Preventive measures for differential training for young people and to protect them and to prevent injuries. - Provision and use of devices and utilities on the application of the proposed program. - The use of the proposed program for the development of the muscle power of the players.

ﻣﻠﺨﺺ اﻟﺒﺤﺚ :

ﺗﻌﺘﱪ اﻟﻘﻮة اﻟﻌﻀﻠﻴﺔ أﺣﺪ أﻫﻢ اﻟﺼﻔﺎت اﻟﺒﺪﻧﻴﺔ اﻟﱵ ﳛﺘﺎﺟﻬﺎ ﻻﻋﺐ ﻛﺮة اﻟﻴﺪ ﰲ ﲨﻴﻊ أﺷﻜﺎﳍﺎ (اﻟﻘﻮة اﻟﻘﺼﻮى و اﻟﻘﻮة اﻷﻧﻔﺠﺎرﻳﺔ و اﻟﻘﻮة اﳌﻤﻴﺰة ﺑﺎﻟﺴﺮﻋﺔ) و اﻟﱵ دﻋﻤﺖ ﻣﻬﺎرات اﻟﻠﻌﺒﺔ اﻟﺪﻓﺎﻋﻴﺔ و اﳍﺠﻮﻣﻴﺔ

ﺣﻴﺚ تعتبر هذه الأخيرة ( اﻟﻘﻮة المميزة ﺑﺎﻟﺴﺮﻋﺔ ) ﻣﻦ اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ اﻟﺒﺪﻧﻴﺔ المهمة في ﻛﺮة اﻟﻴﺪ , ﻓﺎﻟﻼﻋﺐ يحتاجهاﻋﻨﺪ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﻪ ﻟﻠﻤﻬﺎرات , ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺗﻠﻚ التي تحتاج اﱃ أﻗﺼﻰ ﻗﻮة ﰲ أﻗﺼﺮ زﻣﻦ و ﻣﻦ بين ﻫﺬﻩ المهارات , و ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻓﺎن ﺗﻄﻮﻳﺮ ﻫﺬا اﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ ﻳﻌﺪ ﻣﻄﻠﺒﺎ ﺿﺮورﻳﺎ ﻳﻨﻌﻜﺲ ايجابيا ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻨﻤﻴﺔ و تحسين ﻫﺬﻩ

المهارات .

ﻳﻬﺪف اﻟﺒﺤﺚ اﱃ وﺿﻊ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺗﺪرﻳﱯ ﻣﻘﱰح و اﻟﺘﻌﺮف ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺪى ﺗﺄﺛﲑﻩ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ اﻟﺘﺪرﻳﺐ المتباين ﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ اﻟﻘﺪرة اﻟﻌﻀﻠﻴﺔ و تحسين اﻟﺘﺼﻮﻳﺐ ﺑﺎﻻرﺗﻘﺎء ﻟﺪى ﻋﻴﻨﺔ اﻟﺒﺤﺚ.

أﻣﺎ ﻓﺮض اﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻓﺎﻧﻪ ﻳﻈﻬﺮ ﻓﺮوق ذات دﻻﻟﺔ اﺣﺼﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﺑﲔ ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ اﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎر اﻟﻘﺒﻠﻲ و اﻟﺒﻌﺪي ﻟﻌﻴﲏ اﻟﺒﺤﺚ اﻟﻀﺎﺑﻄﺔ و اﻟﺘﺠﺮﻳﺒﻴﺔ في جميع اﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎرات التي تم اﺟﺮاءﻫﺎ و ﻫﺬﻩ اﻟﺪﻻﻟﺔ اﻻﺣﺼﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻫﻲ ﻟﺼﺎﱀ ا ﻤﻮﻋﺔ اﻟﺘﺠﺮﻳﺒﻴﺔ في اﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎر اﻟﺒﻌﺪي وان ﻫﺬا اﻟﱪﻧﺎﻣﺞ اﻟﺘﺪرﻳﱯ ﻳﺆﺛﺮايجابيا في ﺗﻨﻤﻴﺔ اﻟﻘﺪرة اﻟﻌﻀﻠﻴﺔ و

تحسين اﻟﺘﺼﻮﻳﺐ ﺑﺎﻻرﺗﻘﺎء.

و شملت ﻋﻴﻨﺔ اﻟﺒﺤﺚ لاعبي اﻟﺮﻳﺎﺿﺔ المدرسية و ﺑﺎﻷﺧﺺ ﻓﺮﻳﻖ ﻛﺮة اﻟﻴﺪ ﻟﺜﺎﻧﻮﻳﺔ اﻟﻌﻘﻴﺪ ﻟﻄﻔﻲ داﺋﺮة اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺮﻳﺔ وﻻﻳﺔ ﻋﲔ ﲤﻮﺷﻨﺖ و اﻟﺬيﻛﺎن ﻋﺪدﻫﻢ 28 ﻻﻋﺐ , ﰎ اﺳﺘﺒﻌﺎد 8 ﻻﻋﺒﲔ ﻟﻴﺼﺒﺢ ﻟﻜﻞ مجموعة

10 لاعبين يمثلون ﻧﺴﺒﺔ ﻣﻘﺪارﻫﺎ %27 ﻣﻦ ﳎﺘﻤﻊ اﻟﺒﺤﺚ.

و تم ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ الربامج التدربي المقترح ﺛﺎﻧﻮﻳﺔ اﻟﻌﻘﻴﺪ ﻟﻄﻔﻲ داﺋﺮة اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺮﻳﺔ . اﺳﺘﻐﺮق اﻟﱪﻧﺎﻣﺞ 8 اﺳﺎﺑﻴﻊ ﺑﻮاﻗﻊ وحدتين تدريبيتين في اﻷﺳﺒﻮع وﻛﺎن زﻣﻦ اﻟﻮﺣﺪة اﻟﺘﺪرﻳﺒﻴﺔ 30 دﻗﻴﻘﺔ.

و أﻋﺪ اﻟﺒﺎﺣﺜﻮن مجموعة ﻣﻦ اﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎرات الخاصة و ﰎ ﻋﺮﺿﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ مجموعة ﻣﻦ اﻻﺳﺎﺗﺬة و دﻛﺎﺗﺮة المعهد واجمعواﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻼﺋﻤﺘﻬﺎ ﻟﺘﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﻫﺪف اﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎر.

و ﺑﻌﺪ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ اﻟﱪﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﰎ ﲨﻊ ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ اﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎرات و ﻣﻌﺎﳉﺘﻬﺎ اﺣﺼﺎﺋﻴﺎ و ﻋﺮﺿﻬﺎ و ﻣﻨﺎﻗﺸﺘﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﺳﻠﻮب ﻋﻠﻤﻲ ﺑﻐﻴﺔ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ان ﳒﺢ اﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎر.

و ﻣﻦ ذﻟﻚ اﺳﺘﻨﺘﺞ اﻟﺒﺎﺣﺜﻮن ﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻻﺳﺘﻨﺘﺎﺟﺎت ﻣﻨﻬﺎ :

- اﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ اﻟﺘﺠﺮﻳﺒﻴﺔ ﺣﺼﻠﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ أﻓﻀﻞ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ اﻟﻀﺎﺑﻄﺔ ﰲ اﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎرات اﻟﺒﻌﺪﻳﺔ ﻗﻴﺪ اﻟﺒﺤﺚ.

- ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﻓﺮوق ﻣﻌﻨﻮﻳﺔ ذات دﻻﻟﺔ اﺣﺼﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﺑﲔ ﻋﻴﻨﱵ اﻟﺒﺤﺚ اﻟﻀﺎﺑﻄﺔ و اﻟﺘﺠﺮﻳﺒﻴﺔ ﰲ اﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎر اﻟﻘﺒﻠﻲ و اﻟﺒﻌﺪي ﻟﺼﺎﱀ اﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎر اﻟﺒﻌﺪي ﻟﻠﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ اﻟﺘﺠﺮﻳﺒﻴﺔ اﻟﱵ ﻃﺒﻖ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ اﻟﱪﻧﺎﻣﺞ اﻟﺘﺪرﻳﱯ اﳌﻘﱰح.

ﻛﻤﺎ أوﺻﻰ اﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺘﻮﺻﻴﺎت ﻣﻨﻬﺎ :

- اﲣﺎذ ﺗﺪاﺑﲑ وﻗﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻷﺟﻞ اﻟﺘﺪرﻳﺐ اﳌﺘﺒﺎﻳﻦ ﻟﻠﺸﺒﺎب و ﻷﺟﻞ ﲪﺎﻳﺘﻬﻢ ووﻗﺎﻳﺘﻬﻢ ﻣﻦ اﻻﺻﺎﺑﺎت . - ﺗﻮﻓﲑ و اﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻷﺟﻬﺰة و اﻷدوات اﳌﺴﺎﻋﺪة ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ اﻟﱪﻧﺎﻣﺞ اﳌﻘﱰح . - اﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻟﱪﻧﺎﻣﺞ اﳌﻘﱰح ﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ اﻟﻘﺪرة اﻟﻌﻀﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﺪى اﻟﻼﻋﺒﲔ .