تكميم الحمل التدريبي وعلاقته بالإصابات العضلية للأطراف السفلية لدى لاعبي كرة القدم صنف أكابر

Abstract

ﻋﻧﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ : ﺗﻛﻣﻳﻡ ﺍﻟﺣﻣﻝ ﺍﻟﺗﺩﺭﻳﺑﻲ ﻭﻋﻼﻗﺗﻪ ﺑﺎﻹﺻﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺿﻠﻳﺔ ﻟﻸﻁﺭﺍﻑ ﺍﻟﺳﻔﻠﻳﺔ ﻟﺩﻯ ﻻﻋﺑﻲ ﻛﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻘﺩﻡ ﺻﻧﻑ ﺃﻛﺎﺑﺭ

ﺗﻬﺩﻑ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺇﺑﺭﺍﺯ ﺃﻫﻣﻳﺔ ﻁﺭﻳﻘﺔ ﻓﻭﺳﺗﺭ (ﺣﺻﺔ ­ ( RPE ﻓﻲ ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒﺔ ﻭ ﺗﻜﻤﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﺒﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻄﺒﻖ ﺃﺛﻨﺎء ﺍﻟﺤﺼﺺ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﻓﺴﺎﺕ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻗﺘﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻹﺻﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻀﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻸﻁﺮﺍﻑ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﻠﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺫﻟﻚ

The study aims to highlight the importance of Foster's method (RPE) in monitoring and muzzleing the training load applied during classes and competitions and its relationship to muscle injuries to the lower limbs by answering the question of how did you feel difficult or effort during the session? Analytical on a sample consisting of 21 players for the category of capers for the amateur club team for the municipality of Al-Hasana (MBH) sports season 2021/2022 during the period of competition for the return stage of the tournament section between the parties, to collect data we used the questionnaire for the survey study, interview and observation in addition to the tool of self-evaluation of the player (Indexfoster) and the declaration of the place of pain and severity, after collecting the results and treating them statistically, The most important conclusion: Training loads are not appropriate because of the lack of taking and following scientific methods and methods to investigate directly what field procedures require for the training process by relying on scientific and objective bases, and the presence of random data due to the circumstances of the sample studied. The most important suggestion or recommendation : The coaches of physical trainers, specialists and experts in the field of sports training in football should give greater importance to the correct planning based on legalized and objective scientific foundations to improve the level of players to the best levels in terms of physical, skill and psychological ... etc. is not positively related to football especially and sports in general Keywords: Muzzle pregnancy, Foster method, training load, competition period, return stage of the tournament, muscle injuries to the lower limbs, class capers, football

ﺑﺎﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﺆﺍﻝ ﻛﻴﻒ ﺃﺣﺴﺴﺖ ﺑﺼﻌﻮﺑﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺠﻬﺪ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺪﻭﻝ ﺃﺛﻨﺎء ﺍﻟﺤﺼﺔ ؟ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻣﻘﻴﺎﺱ ﻓﻮﺳﺘﺮ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﺟﺔ 0 ­ 10 ﺑﺎﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺑﺎﻹﺻﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻭﺟﺪﺕ ﻭ ﻧﻮﻋﻬﺎ ﻭ ﻟﻬﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺽ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﻣﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻬﺞ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻔﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻠﻴﻠﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻴﻨﺔ ﻣﺘﻜﻮﻧﺔ ﻣﻦ 21 ﻻﻋﺐ ﻟﻔﺌﺔ ﺍﻷﻛﺎﺑﺮ ﻟﻔﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺩﻱ ﺍﻟﻬﺎﻭﻱ

ﻟﻤﻮﻟﻮﺩﻳﺔ ﺑﻠﺪﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﺎﺳﻨﺔ (MBH) ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺮﻳﺎﺿﻲ 2022/2021 ﺃﺛﻨﺎء ﻓﺘﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﻓﺴﺔ ﻟﻤﺮﺣﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻮﺩﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﻮﻟﺔ ﻗﺴﻢ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺠﻬﺎﺕ ، ﻟﺠﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﻣﻨﺎ ﺍﻹﺳﺘﺒﻴﺎﻥ ﻟﻠﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻄﻼﻋﻴﺔ ،ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﻼﺣﻈﺔ ﺑﺎﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺃﺩﺍﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻴﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺬﺍﺗﻲ ﻟﻼﻋﺐ (ﻣﺆﺷﺮﻓﻮﺳﺘﺮ) ﻭ

ﺍﻟﺘﺼﺮﻳﺢ ﺑﻤﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻷﻟﻢ ﻭ ﺷﺪﺗﻪ ، ﺑﻌﺪ ﺟﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﻭ ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺠﺘﻬﺎ ﺇﺣﺼﺎﺋﻴﺎ ، ﺃﻫﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﻨﺘﺎﺝ :

ﺍﻷﺣﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﺒﻴﺔ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ ﻭ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻟﻌﺪﻡ ﺍﺗﺨﺎﺫ ﻭﺇﺗﺒﺎﻉ ﺃﺳﺎﻟﻴﺐ ﻭﻣﻨﺎﻫﺞ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﻘﺼﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﺸﺭ ﻟﻤﺎ ﺗﺘﻄﻠﺒﻪ ﺍﻹﺟﺮﺍءﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ ﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﺐ ﺑﺎﻷﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺴﺱ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻭﻤﻭﻀﻭﻋﻴﺔ ، ﻭﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻋﺸﻮﺍﺋﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ﺑﺴﺒﺐ ﻅﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺪﺭﻭﺳﺔ . ﺍﻫﻢ ﺍﻗﺘﺮﺍﺡ ﺃﻭ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﺔ :

ﻳﺠﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻤﻴﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﺒﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺪﺭﺑﻴﻦ ﻭ ﻣﺤﻀﺮﻳﻦ ﺑﺪﻧﻴﻴﻦ ، ﺃﺧﺼﺎﺋﻴﻴﻦ ﻭ ﺧﺒﺮﺍء ﻓﻲ ﻣﺠﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﺐ ﺍﻟﺮﻳﺎﺿﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﻡ ﺇﻋﻄﺎء ﺃﻫﻤﻴﺔ ﺃﻛﺒﺮ ﻟﻠﺘﺨﻄﻴﻂ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﻨﻲ

ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺳﺲ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻣﻘﻨﻨﺔ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻨﻬﻮﺽ ﺑﻤﺴﺘﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﻼﻋﺒﻴﻦ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﺣﺴﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮﻳﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺣﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻧﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﻬﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺴﻴﺔ ...ﺇﻟﺦ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻌﻮﺩ ﺑﺎﻹﻳﺠﺎﺏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﻡ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺮﻳﺎﺿﺔ ﻋﺎﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺘﺎﺣﻴﺔ :

ﺗﻜﻤﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﻞ ، ﻁﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﻓﻮﺳﺘﺮ ، ﺣﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﺐ ، ﻓﺘﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﻓﺴﺔ ، ﻣﺮﺣﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻮﺩﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﻮﻟﺔ ، ﺍﻹﺻﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻀﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻸﻁﺮﺍﻑ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﻠﻴﺔ ، ﻓﺌﺔ ﺍﻷﻛﺎﺑﺮ ، ﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﻡ