تعلم الأمازيغية ومسألة الهوية في المدرسة الجزائرية مقاربة سوسيو-أنثربولوجية بمنطقة القبائل

Abstract

In this study, we have tried to solve a thorny issue that has been darkening since pre-independence, according to the Socio-anthropological approach in a descriptive, analytical,and exploratory study that falls within qualitative research. This issue is the question of identity in the Kabylian area, which crystallized over time and penetrated into many vital areas of society, cultural, social and political, and that since before independence, to know the national movement first setbacks in the late 1940s, Between the leaders of the movement and became threatening the pillars of the post-colonial nation-state. After the restoration of national sovereignty, the claims movement took on a cultural character to focus on the linguistic demand as the most prominent manifestation of Berber identity. The linguistic field in Algeria has known great conflicts between Francization and Arabization so that the intellectuals know the alignments according to the language of their academic composition. The Algerian school, being one of the ideological organs of the state, was the theater of the identity record, which took the language as the spearhead to pass the orientations of this or that group. The scope of the educational system until the nineties of the last century, as the state decided to reconcile with a major dimension of national identity is the Amazigh dimension. Due to the circumstances in which the Amazigh language was introduced into the school, many of the shortcomings of this process were generally felt. From here, we decided to explore this issue and illuminate some of the shadow points that surround the crux of this thorny issue by trying to focus on the ethnography of the Kabylian region in terms of history and descent, the social structures that characterized this region and its religious specificity. We also tried to explore the role played by colonialism in raising this problem through the educational system, which produced Kabylian tribes with a berberist tendency, which established a cultural movement since the occupation. It calls for recognition of Berber character and Berber identity of Algeria. Then we presented the Algerian language reality and what it has known from severe ideological conflicts because the language carries a distinctive social project. We conclude with an analysis of the courses of the Amazigh language books throughout the Algerian school, in an attempt to explore the most important identity values that these courses attempt to instill in schoolchildren , Answers to the questions that were formulated in the problem of research to complete our research and to produce results and conclusions rich and highly scientific significance.