مقارنة عتبات التعب العضلي و الإسترجاع الوظيفي بعد أنواع مختلفة من الإنقباض العضلي لدى لاعبي كرة القدم بحث وصفي تجريبي أجري على لاعبي فرق كرة القدم لفئة أقل من 20 سنة للقسم الجهوي الثاني للغرب الجزائري (المجموعة الأولى)

Abstract

This study aims to compare the levels of muscle fatigue and functional recovery after different types of muscle contractions and active rest to release the results and identify the physiological and biochemical changes that accompany these contractions and mode indispensable rest return to the initial physical condition or what approach the most. This research includes a sample representing football athletes of the second regional division in western Algeria with a total estimated number of players to 216, and in the category of less than 20 years. The sample includes 66 players that is to say 30.5% of the total. Then the study was based on physical tests applied to the sample (1R-Max test, plaice knees, the active rest periods run ergometer bike) as well as functional measures (heart rate, pressure blood, lactic acid). This study concluded that the effort made with isotonic contraction is the most resistant to muscle fatigue, for against that performed with isometric contraction is the quickest to reach the stage of fatigue. Also active rest done by the muscles relaxed had a faster effect on the return of physiological variables (heart rate, blood pressure, lactic acid) to the initial state, or almost, allowing to appease the degree of fatigue and mitigate its causes, and compared with the results obtained from the sample that passed the active rest done by contracted muscles. We also found that the index of heart rate and the lactic acid in the blood maintain a positive correlation relationship in the third minute after exercise and also during active rest done by the muscles relaxed and with both isometric and isotonic muscle contractions, which shows the speed of recovery at this minute. But nothing has been proven with auxotonic contraction. Based on what we saw, it is imperative that drives programs and physical preparation include character isometric exercises, isotonic and auxotonic seen their different effects on the neuromuscular system and the muscular capacity, while adopting active rest done by the muscles relaxed and regulating the rest periods depending on the degree and intensity of physical effort.