Résumé:
Our ethnobotanical survey of medicinal flora character in the west and south-west region of Algeria, has allowed us to establish a floristic inventory of medicinal plants. Identification of 183 species, distributed in 56 families and 186 genera was made. 342 therapeutic uses practiced in these areas only 116 recipes (101espèces) are used in the treatment of diseases of the urinary system.
The effect of extracts of 22 plants prepared by different extraction methods was established. The extracted vinegar gave a very active effect against four bacterial strains (E. coli, Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus, Proteus mirabilis). Bioassays were established on these species in order to check the validity of the therapeutic indications received of this species Lavandula, Mentha, Thymus and Ajuga have been cited several times by users. The zones of inhibition ranging from 20mm to 50mm. The methalonic extracts of Lavandula officinalis an active effect against E. coli bacteria (inhibition zone = 28mm), Proteus (inhibition zone = 35mm), Staphylococcus (inhibition zone = 35mm), and no effect on the Pseudomonas bacteria. The determination of MIC on active extracts showed antibacterial activity levels vary the extract used (MIC ranges from 50 to 12.5 mg / ml). Lavender showed antioxidant activity by DPPH test. The phytochemical screening of the plant revealed the presence of tanins, alkaloids, flavonoids, sterols and triterpenes, no quinones.
Moreover, the classification by genre revealed that 22 plants have a antilithiasique interest.
The in vitro inhibitory effect of 22 plants on the crystallization phospho-magnesium ammonium at pH = 8 in artificial urine was demonstrated.
The results suggest that natural extracts may be an interesting alternative to conventional therapies in case of urinary tract infection. From this study we can conclude that the plants studied have a high biological antibacterial activity.
