Résumé:
The essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation of Pistacia atlantica Desf. leaves collected from different regions of Algeria were analyzed by GC and GC-MS. The essential oil was rich in monoterpenes and oxygenated sesquiterpenes. The major components were α-pinene (0.0-67%), δ-3-carene (0.0-56%), spathulenol (0.5-22%), camphene (0.0-21%), terpinen-4-ol (0.0-16%) and β-pinene (0.0-13%). Among the various components identified, twenty were used for statistical analyses. The result of principal component analysis (PCA) showed the occurrence of three chemotypes: a δ-3-carene chemotype (16.4-56.2%), a terpinen-4-ol chemotype (10.8-16.0%) and an α-pinene/camphene chemotype (10.9-66.6% / 3.8-20.9%). It was found that the essential oil from female plants (δ-3-carene chemotype) could be easily differentiated from the two other chemotypes corresponding to male trees.
