Résumé:
The richness of the steppe zone by the medicinal plants and their diversity traditional uses in the region of
Laghouat, allowed us to study the inhibitory effect of Herniaria fontanesii J.Gay, Pituranthos scoparius and
Cynodon dactylon (L) extracts on the formation of calcium oxalate kidney stones. Firstly, we have carried out
phytochemical screening and quantitative analysis of phenolic compounds of various extracts from the three
plants. The obtained results proved that our extracts are rich in catechic tannins and C-, O-heterosides, with
a total phenolic content ranged from 0.867 to 38.835 mg of gallic acid equivalent per 1 g of dry matter.
The in vitro antiurolithiatic activity of different plants extracts has been carried out by two different models.
In the turbidimetric assay, we have determined spectrophotometrically the effect of the extracts (1 g/L) on
the oxalocalcic crystallization, induced by addition of oxalate in urines from healthy subject. Whereas, the
gravimetric assay is based to measure the variation of calcium urate and uric acid renal calculi weight, after
putting them in contact with 5 ml of the extracts (5g/L) during 15 days. In the two assays, the antiurolithiatic
activity was compared with that of two antiurolithogenesis inhibitory standards: sodium citrate and
Succinimide pharbiol. The achieved results measured by the two tests, show clearly that the
hydromethanolic extracts of Pituranthos scoparius roots have provided very important antiurolithiasic power
(>40% of inhibition) compared to the standard inhibitors. However, this result is a great step forward
towards the search for an effective treatment for the urinary calculi formation. But, this work will have to be
confirmed by in vivo experiments in order to validate these in vitro observations on the contributions of
these three plants in the treatment of the oxalocalcic renal calculi.
