Effet de la salinité sur la germination et la croissance d’Atriplex halimus cas de Mostaganem et Oran.

Abstract

The results shows that for the site of Mostaganem the salt stress affects the germination of the brown seeds is recorded a lower rate of 45 % for the treatment of 500 mmol, and 40 % for the treatment of 600 mmol. Black seeds showed a lower rate when concentrations reached 300 mmol and the fruiting-leaf extract appeared to influence germination since only 40 % was recorded. The fastest mean time was three days for brown seeds under effect of fruit bearing extract. For black seeds it is the concentration of 100 mmol which shows the slowest average time of seven days. For the Oran site, it is the concentration of 600 mmol which affects the germination of the brown seeds whereas the germination of the black seeds shows a sensitivity from a concentration of 300 mmol. The 300 mmol treatment causes a slowdown in germination or an average germination time of eight days is recorded. The 400 mmol treatment stimulated the germination of black seeds with a fast average time of three days. The effect of salt stress on the growth of Atriplex halimus seedlings at the Mostaganem site shows that the 200 mmol treatment has the longest length of the seedlings derived from the brown seeds, whereas for black seeds a decrease in length of the seedlings where 3.8 cm is recorded compared to the 5.2 cm control. The length of the seedlings of the brown seeds of the Oran site largely exceed the black seeds whatever the treatment used. The brown seeds of the Mostaganem site and under 600 mmol treatments and the fruit-bearing extract have a dry matter and fresh matter content. The lowest black seeds have the lowest dry matter and fresh matter content under treatment. The extract of the fruiting palms, 400 and 500 mmol. The brown seeds of the Oran site show the lowest rate of dry matter for the 400 mmol and 500 mmol treatments. The lowest rate of fresh matter was observed for the 300 mmol and 600 mmol treatments. Black seeds have the lowest dry matter solids content for 300 mmol and 500 mmol; and for the fresh material it is the extraction treatment of the fruiting valves which gives the lowest rate. Under salt stress the black seeds of the Mostaganem site show high protein levels with 18.12 mg / g MF (300 mmol), 15.86 mg / g MF (400 mmol), 16.26 mg / g MF (500 mmol) and 17.6 mg / g MF (600 mmol) vs brown Seed. The brown seeds of the Oran site show high levels of protein for 400 mmol treatments of 16 mg / g MF, 500 mmol 18 mg / g MF and 600 mmol of 18.12 mg / g MF compared to the control which marks a relatively low rate of 3.6 mg / g MF. The accumulation of proline is higher in 400 mmol, 500 mmol, 600 mmol brown seeds and fruiting leaf extract. The same remark has been recorded for black seeds except that the amounts of proline are much higher compared to the brown seeds. For the Oran site, the brown seeds have identical contents of 235.29 μg / l for the 200 mmol and 300 mmol treatments followed by the 500 mmol treatment with 182.35 μg / l. Black seeds show higher levels for 300 mmol and 400 mmol treatments with 164.70 and 129.41 ug / l.