Résumé:
Mastitis remains at the beginning of the 21st century one of the major plagues of dairy
farming. They constitute a major pathology of the dairy farming as well by their frequency as
by the losses which they entail. Our study has for objective to determine the experimental
study of the therapeutic effect of the essential oil of pelargonium gravelens against the Bovine
mammary infections due to Staphylococcus aureus. Two strains from different origins (strain
of clinical origin and reference strain) are used in this study for the in vitro evaluation of the
antibacterial activity of the essential oil of the medicinal plant Geranium rosat. extracted by
hydrodistillation. The activity of the essential oil was compared with that of the action of four
antibiotics vis-à-vis Staphylococcus aureus strains (clinical origin is the strain of references).
They have been tested for their antibacterial power by the disc method. The results of the
antimicrobial activities demonstrated that the essential oil of pelargonium gravelens at a
concentration of 4ʯl to 6ʯl, has a good inhibitory activity, with a bactericidal action and a
curative treatment, very fast compared to the dose of 2ʯl for a spread treatment in 4 times. On
the other hand, the four antibiotics, have only a blocking activity and a less rapid sensitivity
towards the two strains staphylococcus aureus (reference and clinical). From the results
obtained, geranium has been shown to have the best antimicrobial activity and it can be
concluded that essential oils of Geranium rosat have a faster antibacterial activity than
antibiotics against the bacterial strain staphylococcus aureus of clinical origin and the
reference strain..
