Evaluation des perturbations thyroïdiennes chez la femme ménopausée dans la localité de Mostaganem

Abstract

The thyroid is a butterfly-shaped gland located in the middle of the neck in front of the trachea. Formed by two lobes located on either side of the trachea below the larynx, it produces hormones released into the blood that regulate the functioning of many organs (body temperature, sweating, heart rate, sleep, nervousness, weight...). The synthesis of these hormones (the main ones are T3 and T4) is regulated by two structures located in the brain (the pituitary gland and the hypothalamus) via another hormone, TSH. But this conductor is sometimes a victim of disorders, giving a too fast or too slow a rhythm to the organism. Its size can also grow or see the appearance of Nodules, some of which can hide cancers. This study consists of monitoring changes in thyroid hormones (TSH, T3 and T4) in postmenopausal women with hyperthyroidism and/or hypothyroidism. Hypothyroidism is the result of low hormone production by the thyroid gland, a disease that affects women after the age of 50. A hypothyroidism can be detected by measuring the level of TSH in the blood, and it is found elevated because the pituitary gland reacts to the lack of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) by secreting more TSH by trying to stimulate the thyroid to produce more hormones. The study involves 85 patients aged 45 and 60 years. These patients have symptoms of thyroid dysfunction. It also aims to master a hormonal (automated) dosage method based on Elisa's technique. Thus, it emerges from this result that the postmenopausal woman is a risk factor for thyroid pathology. By comparison, postmenopausal women with thyroid disturbance are the most frequent, however, appears to be less frequent in postmenopausal women without thyroid disturbance. Women over 50 years of age, being more easily affected than men because of the different events in their lives, which can cause hormonal Abstract changes such as: menstrual cycle, pregnancy, childbirth, breastfeeding, premenopause and menopause.