Résumé:
The thyroid is a butterfly-shaped gland located in the middle of the neck
in front of the trachea. Formed by two lobes located on either side of the
trachea below the larynx, it produces hormones released into the blood that
regulate the functioning of many organs (body temperature, sweating, heart
rate, sleep, nervousness, weight...).
The synthesis of these hormones (the main ones are T3 and T4) is
regulated by two structures located in the brain (the pituitary gland and the
hypothalamus) via another hormone, TSH. But this conductor is sometimes a
victim of disorders, giving a too fast or too slow a rhythm to the organism. Its
size can also grow or see the appearance of Nodules, some of which can hide
cancers.
This study consists of monitoring changes in thyroid hormones (TSH,
T3 and T4) in postmenopausal women with hyperthyroidism and/or
hypothyroidism. Hypothyroidism is the result of low hormone production by
the thyroid gland, a disease that affects women after the age of 50.
A hypothyroidism can be detected by measuring the level of TSH in the
blood, and it is found elevated because the pituitary gland reacts to the lack of
thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) by secreting more TSH by trying to stimulate
the thyroid to produce more hormones.
The study involves 85 patients aged 45 and 60 years. These patients
have symptoms of thyroid dysfunction. It also aims to master a hormonal
(automated) dosage method based on Elisa's technique.
Thus, it emerges from this result that the postmenopausal woman is a risk
factor for thyroid pathology. By comparison, postmenopausal women with
thyroid disturbance are the most frequent, however, appears to be less frequent
in postmenopausal women without thyroid disturbance.
Women over 50 years of age, being more easily affected than men
because of the different events in their lives, which can cause hormonal
Abstract
changes such as: menstrual cycle, pregnancy, childbirth, breastfeeding, premenopause
and menopause.
