Résumé:
Lead is a toxic metal that has been exploited for years, its use greatly increased with the industrial revolution and agricultural activities etc. Due to its many uses, it has been widely distributed in the environment. Many plants are able to immobilize heavy metals, radionuclides, polluting organic compounds and other undesirable products in their compartments. Some plants produce enzymes that break down these pollutants into less toxic or non-toxic products. These properties have made them future candidates for soil remediation. The objective of this synthesis is to evaluate the stressful effect of lead on the antioxidant enzymes of the radish Raphanus sativus L., in order to decide on its capacity to decontaminate a polluted soil, the substrates receive four treatments of lead in the form of solution of lead nitrate (PbNO3) at different doses (0,200,500 and 1000 ppm) and (0,250,500, and 1000 ppm). The comparative study of the results obtained from research work already carried out shows a significant accumulation of antioxidant enzymes (catalase and peroxidase) according to the increasing concentration of (lead) in the aerial and root parts of Raphanus sativus L. The present work has shown that the radish plant (Raphanus sativus L.) can be used in the decontamination of soils contaminated with lead (Pb). This deduction is based on the analysis of the enzymes involved in the response to oxidative stress in radish cells exposed to different concentrations of Pb and on the evaluation of the tolerance and defense capacities of this plant against the effects of lead.
