Résumé:
Today, medicinal plants represent an essential source for the discovery of new therapeutic
molecules that are highly effective against many diseases. In this context, we were interested
in the study of the date fruit (Phoenix dactylifera L.), known for its various therapeutic
virtues. The objective of this research is to contribute to the evaluation of the in vivo
antidiabetic activity of aqueous extracts of date pulp and kernels of the Deglet Nour variety.
The induction of diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal (IP) injection of
streptozotocin (STZ) at 60mg/kg for all experimental rats except control (T). After 15 days of
stabilization of diabetes, treatment was initiated for a period of 28 days, during which daily
intakes by gastric gavage of aqueous extracts of pulp at 150 and 300mg/kg and date kernels at
150 and 300mg/kg were administered to the diabetic rats. Blood glucose levels were
measured throughout the experiment. Results obtained from blood glucose levels in diabetic
(D) rats show a highly significant (P<0.001) increase over control (T) rats throughout the
experimental period. However, blood glucose levels in diabetic rats treated with aqueous
extracts of pulp (EPD1) and date kernels at 150mg/kg (END1) showed a significant decrease
(P<0.05) compared to diabetic rats (D). These findings can be seen in the histological study
which reveals a microscopic appearance close to the physiological state in diabetic rats treated
with aqueous extracts of date pulp and kernels at 150mg/kg (EPD1, END1). In contrast to
diabetic rats (D) which evokes an altered microscopic profile with irreversible sequelae on the
pancreas. On the scale of our experimental in vivo study, it would be possible to assert the
potential antidiabetic effect of aqueous extracts of date fruit pulp and kernels (Phoenix
dactylifera L.).
