Résumé:
Milk is considered an equilibrate and complete aliment the reason being its richness in many
nutritional elements (proteins, lipids, mineral salts, lactosesand vitamins), to evaluate the
particularities and characteristics of the milk of two species (cow and sheep), the objectives of this
study centers around these points : the appreciation of the hygienic qualities of the different raw
milks (cow and sheep) and the estimation of the microbial flora at the experimental farm at the
university of Mostaganem.
The physico-chemical analyzes carried out focused on the pH, density, fat and dry matter on the one
hand, and on the other hand the microbiological analyzes (the search for: FTAM, total and fecal
coliforms, staphylococcus aureus, clostridium sulfite-reducing agent, lactic acid bacteria, yeasts and
molds). this research had been carried out in the period of May - June 2021. the results of the study
showed that the two types of milk (cow and sheep) are of hygienically acceptable quality with some
proliferation of fermentation microorganisms, without pathogenic risks. Microbial loads of FTAM
that do not exceed the standards required by the Algerian official journal, and the absence of fecal
coliforms indicate good microbiological quality of the samples. And for the physicochemical
parameter show a titratable acidity higher than the standards estimated at averages (16.63; 16.50 ° D)
for the samples (cow and sheep) respectively, on the other hand a good physicochemical quality is
noted for all the other criteria. studied, a density with respective means of (1.030; 1.036). From a
nutritional standpoint, the figures have shown that sheep's milk represents the greater load than cow's
milk. However, the lipid fraction represents a fat value (29.53 g / l), the total dry extract (156.68 g /
l).
