Étude de la reproduction par insémination artificielle chez les bovins laitiers de la région de Mascara

Abstract

The demographic growth in the world is still an important phenomenon that encourages politicians to promote all scientific processes that can improve the food supply in general. Artificial insemination is one of the processes used in this sense. In Algeria, few studies have accessed their work on the impact of some factors on the success of artificial insemination. This work is a modest participation in the explanation of the factors that can influence the artificial insemination. It was conducted on a population of 53 cows living in different regions of the wilaya of Mascara. The body condition of these animals was noted at each insemination by visual inspection and palpation of the lumbar and caudal regions; each cow is noted from 2 to 4 (emaciated state and up to fat state). This work involved cows of different breeds. It involved 32 farmers in the region of Mascara and was carried out from January to March 2021. A good quality semen was thawed in an optimal way (T°=37°C) and introduced after a rectal search carried out beforehand in order to get rid of the fecal matter. Pregnancy was diagnosed by transrectal palpation after 60 days of insemination. Of the 53 cows inseminated, 42 were diagnosed as positive for pregnancy. Our results show a success rate for artificial insemination of 52.5%. This rate varied considerably with the improvement in the body condition of the cows, age and breed at the time of insemination. The respects of the instructions relative to the insemination operations dictated to the breeders and the good technicality of the inseminator, the period of insemination, are so many factors allowing thus, the reduction of the rate of failures of the artificial insemination.