Contribution à l'étude d'association du polymorphisme Insertion/Délétion du gène de l'ACE avec la Spondylarthrite Ankylosante dans un échantillon de la population de l'Ouest Algérien

Abstract

Ankylosing spondyloarthritis (AS) is a common and disabling chronic inflammatory rheumatism. It preferentially affects the joints of the sacroiliac region, the spine and the entheses. This combines genetic and environmental factors and an abnormal immune response. Although several genes appear to be associated with AS, the concept of genetic terrain relied heavily on association with HLA-B27 specificity.In addition, one of the candidate genes is the ACE which codes for the Angiotensin Converting Enzyme which belongs to the renin angiotensin system. This molecule is responsible for the cleavage of Angiotensin I to Angiotensin II. To our knowledge, only one study has investigated the effect of ACE I/D polymorphism in AS patients in the Algerian population. Furthermore, this polymorphism was found to be associated with AS in two regions of the Turkish population. The objective of this work was to investigate the association between the ACEI/D gene polymorphism with the occurrence of AS in a case /control study. Molecular genotyping was carried out by PCR Multiplex (Polymerase Chain Reaction Multiplex) in a sample of 30 controls from western Algeria. A case/control study was performed using the I/D polymorphism genotypes of cases available in the USTO-MB Molecular and Cellular Genetics Laboratory database. Our results show on the one hand that the HLA-B27 antigen is strongly associated with the development of the disease (p = 0.00 OR).On the other hand, there is a very significant association between genotype II and allele I of the I/D polymorphism of the ACE gene and the occurrence of AS (p = OR, p = OR, respectively).These results are in agreement with those already carried out in the previous study by Dr. C.A DAHMANI on the same population. However, controversial results were observed in the study by Inanir et al, carried out on the Turkish population showing that the D allele is the minor allele and that it is associated with AS. Due to the small sample size, a larger scale analysis is required to confirm the accuracy of these results.