Résumé:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-ulcer potentialof dateaqueousextractin vivo. The phytochemical analysis was determined the phenolics composition level in the ethanolic extract of pulp (EEP) and seeds date (EEN).Seven days after the pretreatment with the aqueous pulp (EP) and seeds (EN) extract at 150 and 300 mg/kg,the acute gastric ulcer was induced orally with an ulcerogenic solution 0.6 M HCl/80%ethanol.Lansoprazolewas selected as a reference product. The PH, volume and acidity of the gastric content, ulcer index and the protection percentage as well as the macroscopic and microscopic examinations of the stomach weredetermined.The results obtained from the phytochemical analysis revealed an intense presence of tannins, coumarins and flavonoids in the date seeds extract (EN). The contents of the total phenols, flavonoids, condensed and hydrolysable tannins were also found to be higher in this same variety. The results of the parameters studied demonstrated a significantly reduced ulcer index in the groups treated with the aqueous pulp extract at 150mg/kg (EPD1) , 300mg/kg(EPD2) , the seeds extract at 150mg/kg (END1) , 300mg/kg (NED2) and lansoprazole 30mg/kg compared to the negative control group (T-). However, this attenuation was more observed in the groups treated with the extract of seeds (END1 and END2), this was approved by remarkably high percentage of protection. The histopathological study carried out on the tissues of the stomachwas confirmed the antiulcer effect of date extracts. In fact, the groups treated with the extract of seeds (END1, END2) exhibited a healthy structure, without any anomaly and very similarto the physiological state. This study made it possible to demonstrate the gastro-protective potential of aqueous extracts of dates (Phoenix dactylifera L.), which could be exploited in the development of new phyto-therapeutic formulation against gastric ulcer.
