Résumé:
The coastline is a highly coveted area where most of the pressures linked to human activity are expressed and converged, on marine biodiversity including seawater in which flora, fauna and the various microorganisms, particularly bacteriological, can coexist. cause pollution of multiple origin and in particular bacterial, accentuated by the increase in discharges of wastewater at sea level, and in addition the existence of a risk of modifying the physicochemical parameters.
This research study presents two components considered respectively by the study of the physicochemical parameters on the one hand and on the other hand by a bacteriological culture of sea water at the respective sites of, Stidia beach, Salamandre and Sidi Lakhdar, and at different distances.
The use of the PH meter, the conductivity meter, the turbidimeter made it possible to evaluate physicochemical parameters such as salinity, temperature, hydrogen potential (PH), conductivity, and turbidity. At the same time, bacteriological culture using the culture media allowed us to adopt an identification of the germs and to achieve the different concentrations for each bacterium.
After sampling at these three sites Stidia, Salamandre, and Sidi Lakhdar and at different distances (01m, 05m, and 10m), the results obtained made it possible to establish that the pH of the sea water at each site is in the standards varying between 6 and 8, the turbidity is between 05 and 30 NTU thus testifying to a marine water with slightly cloudy character, The quantity of dissolved salts is inserted in an interval between 32.7 mg / l and 34, 2 mg / l, The conductivity had presented an almost standard value with a peak of 55ms / cm, the temperature fluctuated between a minimum of 16 ° C and a maximum of 20 ° C. On the other hand, the values of the concentrations of bacteria, total germs, total coliforms, Escherichia coli, faecal streptococcus were in line with the guide values.
At the end of this study carried out during the months of April and May made it possible to conclude that the state of these three sites Stidia, Salamander, and Sidi Lakhdar evaluated at different distances, is almost free from any bacteriological pollution, and that the physico-chemical parameters evaluated in our study remain in line with the guide values.
