تدريبات القوة العضلية واهمينها على بعض المهارات الرمي ن الاسقاط والوقاية والتاهيل من الاصابات الرياضية لدى مصارعات الجودو

Abstract

ﺘﻨﺎوﻟت د ارﺴﺘﻨﺎ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺠﺎءت ﺘﺤت ﻋﻨوان '' ﺘدرﻴﺒﺎت اﻟﻘوة اﻟﻌﻀﻠﻴﺔ و أﻫﻤﻴﺘﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ أداء ﺤرﻛﺎت اﻟرﻤﻲ اﻹﺴﻘﺎط و اﻟوﻗﺎﻴﺔ و اﻟﺘﺄﻫﻴﻝ ﻤن اﻹﺼﺎﺒﺎت اﻟرﻴﺎﻀﻴﺔ ﻟدى ﻤﺼﺎرﻋﺎت اﻟﺠودو'' ٬ ﺤﻴث ﻫدﻓت إﻟﻰ ﺘﺤدﻴد أﻫﻤﻴﺔ ﺘدرﻴﺒﺎت اﻷﺜﻘﺎﻝ ﻓﻲ زﻴﺎدة ﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ و ﺘطوﻴر اﻟﻘوة اﻟﻌﻀﻠﻴﺔ و

أﻫﻤﻴﺘﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ أداء ﺤرﻛﺎت اﻟرﻤﻲ اﻹﺴﻘﺎط و ﻓﻲ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ اﻹﻋداد و اﻟﺘﺄﻫﻴﻝ اﻟﺒدﻨﻲ ﻤن اﻹﺼﺎﺒﺎت ٬ و ﻟﺘﺤﻘﻴق ﻫذا اﻟﻬدف ﻓرﻀﻨﺎ ان ﻫذﻩ اﻟﺘدرﻴﺒﺎت ﺘﻌﺘﺒر ﻤن اﻟطرق اﻟﺠﻴدة اﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﺴﺎﻋد اﻟﻤﺼﺎرﻋﺎت ﻓﻲ زﻴﺎدة ﺼﻼﺒﺔ اﻟﺠﺴم و ﻤروﻨﺘﻪ و ﻗوﺘﻪ و ﻗدرﺘﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻝ ووﻗﺎﻴﺘﻪ

و إﻋﺎدة ﺘﺄﻫﻴﻠﻪ ﻤن اﻹﺼﺎﺒﺎت ٬ ﻤن ﺨﻼﻝ ﻫذﻩ اﻟد ارﺴﺔ ﺘﻤﻛﻨﺎ ﻤن اﻟﺘﻌرف ﻋﻠﻰ واﻗﻊ اﻟﺘدرﻴب ﺒﺎﻷﺜﻘﺎﻝ ﻀﻤن ﺒرﻨﺎﻤﺞ اﻹﻋداد اﻟﺒدﻨﻲ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻨوادي اﻟرﻴﺎﻀﻴﺔ ٬ وﻤدى ﺘﺄﺜﻴر ﻫذﻩ

اﻟﺘدرﻴﺒﺎت ﻋﻠﻰ أداء اﻟﻤﺼﺎرﻋﺎت اﻟﺠو دو ٬ ﺤﻴث ﻗﺴم اﻟﺒﺤث اﻟﻲ ﺒﺎﺒﻴن : اﻟﺒﺎب اﻷوﻝ ﺨﺼص ﻟﻠد ارﺴﺔ اﻟﻨظرﻴﺔ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ اﻟﺒﺎب اﻟﺜﺎﻨﻲ

ﺨﺼص ﻟﻠد ارﺴﺔ اﻟﻤﻴداﻨﻴﺔ . ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻴﺨص اﻟﺒﺎب اﻷوﻝ ﻓﺼﻠﻴن ٬ اﻟﻔﺼﻝ اﻷوﻝ ﺘطرﻗت ﻓﻴﻪ اﻟطﺎﻟﺒﺘﻴن اﻟﺒﺎﺤﺜﺘﺎن إﻟﻲ ﻤﺘطﻠﺒﺎت اﻷداء (اﻟﻤﻬﺎرﻴﺔ و اﻟﺒدﻨﻴﺔ ) ﻓﻲ رﻴﺎﻀﺔ اﻟﺠو دو أﻤﺎ اﻟﻔﺼﻝ اﻟﺜﺎﻨﻲ درﺴﻨﺎ ﻓﻴﻪ أﻫﻤﻴﺔ ﺘدرﻴﺒﺎت اﻷﺜﻘﺎﻝ ﻟﻤﺼﺎرﻋﺎت اﻟﺠو دو واﻟوﻗﺎﻴﺔ ﻤن اﻹﺼﺎﺒﺎت ٕواﻋﺎدة اﻟﺘﺄﻫﻴﻝ ﻤﻨﻬﺎ . أﻤﺎ اﻟﺒﺎب اﻟﺜﺎﻨﻲ اﻟﺨﺎص ﺒﺈﺠ ارءات اﻟﺒﺤث اﻟﻤﻴداﻨﻴﺔ اﺴﺘﻬﻠت اﻟطﺎﻟﺒﺘﺎن اﻟﺒﺎﺤﺜﺘﺎن ﺒﻤﻨﻬﺞ اﻟﺒﺤث اﻟوﺼﻔﻲ ﻋن طرﻴق أداة اﻟﺒﺤث اﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﻤﺜﻠت ﻓﻲ اﺴﺘﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎت ﻤﻘﺴﻤﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻴﻨﺔ اﻟﺒﺤث اﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﻤﺜﻠت ﻓﻲ 18 ﻤدرب ﻟﻠﺠو دو و 30 ﻤﺼﺎرﻋﺔ ﻟﻔﺌت أواﺴط وأﻛﺎﺒر (ﺒﻨﺎت) ﻓﻲ

اﻟوﻻﻴﺎت اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ : ﻤﺴﺘﻐﺎﻨم ٬ ﺒﻠﻌﺒﺎس ٬ ﻏﻠﻴ ازن ٬ ﻤﻌﺴﻛر ٬ وﻫ ارن . و ﺒﻌد اﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ اﻹﺤﺼﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﺘوﺼﻠﻨﺎ إﻟﻰ ﻤﺠﻤوﻋﺔ ﻤن اﻻﺴﺘﻨﺘﺎﺠﺎت أﻫﻤﻬﺎ : اﻋﺘﻤﺎد ﺠﻝ اﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻹﻋداد اﻟﺒدﻨﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺘطوﻴر اﻟﺠﺎﻨب اﻟﻤﻬﺎري ﻟﻠﻤﺼﺎرﻋﺎت . أﻫﻤﻴﺔ اﻟﻘوة اﻟﻌﻀﻠﻴﺔ ﻟدى اﻟﻤﺼﺎرﻋﺎت ﻓﻲ اﻟﺠو دو ﻷداء ﻤﻬﺎ ارت اﻹﺴﻘﺎط و ﺤﺘﻰ

أﺜﻨﺎء اﻟﻤﻨﺎﻓﺴﺎت . وﺠود ﺒ ارﻤﺞ ﻟﻠﻘوة اﻟﻌﻀﻠﻴﺔ داﺨﻝ اﻟﻘﺎﻋﺎت ﺒوﺴﺎﺌﻝ ﺘﻘﻠﻴدﻴﺔ ﻨﺎد ار ﻤﺎ ﺘﻛون ﺒﺎﺴﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ

اﻷﺜﻘﺎﻝ . ﻋدم ﺘوﻓر اﻷﻨدﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﺎﻋﺎت ﻤﺠﻬزة ﺒوﺴﺎﺌﻝ اﻷﺜﻘﺎﻝ .

ﻟﻠﺘﻘوﻴﺔ اﻟﻌﻀﻠﻴﺔ ﺒﺘدرﻴﺒﺎت اﻷﺜﻘﺎﻝ أﻫﻤﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟوﻗﺎﻴﺔ و إﻋﺎدة ﺘﺄﻫﻴﻝ اﻟﻤﺼﺎرﻋﺎت ﻤن  . اﻹﺼﺎﺒﺎت اﻟرﻴﺎﻀﻴﺔ

: ﻛﻤﺎ ﺨﻠﺼت ﻫذﻩ اﻟد ارﺴﺔ إﻟﻰ ﻤﺠﻤوﻋﺔ ﻤن اﻟﺘوﺼﻴﺎت ﺘرﻛﻴز اﻟﻤدرﺒﻴن ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫذا اﻟﻨوع ﻤن اﻟﺘدرﻴﺒﺎت ﻓﻲ إﻋداد اﻟﻤﺼﺎرﻋﺎت و اﻻﻫﺘﻤﺎم  . اﻟﺴﻠطﺎت اﻟﻤﻌﻨﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺘﺠﻬﻴز اﻟوﺴﺎﺌﻝ اﻟﺒﻴداﻏوﺠﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﻼﺌﻤﺔ ﻟﻤ ازوﻟﺔ ﻫذﻩ اﻟﺘدرﻴﺒﺎت

. زﻴﺎدة د ارﺴﺎت أﺨرى ﺤوﻝ ﻫذﻩ اﻟﺘدرﻴﺒﺎت ﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠف اﻷﻨﺸطﺔ اﻟرﻴﺎﻀﻴﺔ 

Study summary: Our study ٬ which came under the title “Muscular strength training and its importance on the performance of throwing movements ٬ projection ٬ prevention and rehabilitation of sports injuries in judo wrestlers” ٬ which aimed to determine the importance of weight training in increasing the development and development of muscle strength and its importance on the performance of movements Drop throwing and in the process of preparation and physical rehabilitation from injuries ٬ and to achieve this goal we assumed that these exercises are one of the good ways that help wrestlers in increasing the body's hardness ٬ flexibility ٬ strength ٬ endurance ٬ prevention and rehabilitation from injuries ٬ through this study. We were able to get acquainted with the reality of weight training within the physical preparation program in sports clubs ٬ and the impact of these exercises on the performance of judo wrestlers. Where the research was divided into two chapters: the first chapter was devoted to the theoretical study ٬ while the second chapter was devoted to the field study. With regard to the first chapter ٬ two chapters ٬ the first chapter in which the two female researchers discussed the performance requirements (skill and physical) in judo ٬ and the second chapter we studied the importance of weight training for judo wrestlers and the prevention and rehabilitation of injuries. As for the second chapter on field research procedures ٬ the two researchers started the descriptive research method through the research tool ٬ which was represented in questionnaires divided into the research sample ٬ which consisted of 18 judo coaches and 30 wrestlers for the middle and senior classes (girls) in the following states: Mostaganem ٬ Bel Abbas ٬ Relizane Camp ٬ Oran.

After statistical treatment ٬ we reached a set of conclusions ٬ the most important of which are:

Most of the sample depended on physical preparation in developing the skill side of wrestlers.

The importance of muscle strength for female wrestlers in Judo to perform projection skills ٬ even during competitions.

The presence of programs for muscle strength inside the halls by traditional means ٬ rarely using weights.

Lack of clubs equipped halls with means of weights. Strengthening the muscles through weight training is important in the prevention and rehabilitation of female wrestlers from sports injuries. This study also concluded with a set of recommendations: Concentration of trainers on this type of training in preparing wrestling ٬ and attention of the concerned authorities in preparing the appropriate pedagogical means to practice these exercises. Increase other studies on these exercises for various sports activities.