Résumé:
Background and aim. This study aimed to investigate the differences in heart rate variability (HRV)
between judo athlete and non-athlete middle school students using wearable heart rate sensors. HRV is
a key indicator of autonomic nervous system function and cardiovascular health, with higher variability
generally associated with better fitness and stress resilience.
Methods. Sixty-seven middle school students were recruited and divided into two groups: an
experimental group (EG) of judo athletes (n = 39, height 162.4 ± 7.6 cm, weight 52.7 ± 6.3 kg, age 12.8 ±
1.3 years) and a control group (CG) of non-athletes (n = 37, height 159.1 ± 6.9 cm, weight 53.2 ± 7.3 kg, age
13.2 ± 0.8 years). The CG participants did not engage in any competitive sports. HRV metrics, including
mean heart rate (mean HR), mean R-R intervals, standard deviation of normal R-R intervals (SDNN), root
mean square of successive differences (RMSSD), low-frequency (LF), high-frequency (HF), and LF/HF
ratio, were measured using connected sensors. Independent t tests were used to compare HRV parameters
between the two groups, with a significance level set at p < 0.05.
Results. Results showed that the EG had significantly higher mean R-R intervals (t = 2.245,
p < 0.05) and significantly lower mean HR (t = –2.149, p < 0.05) compared to the CG. These findings
suggest that judo training enhances parasympathetic activity and reduces resting heart rate, indicating
improved cardiovascular efficiency. Additionally, time-domain HRV metrics, such as SDNN and RMSSD,
were higher in the EG, reflecting greater autonomic adaptability.
Conclusions. Judo training appears to positively influence HRV in middle school students,
promoting better cardiovascular health and autonomic regulation. The use of wearable sensors proved
effective in monitoring these physiological adaptations, highlighting their potential for real-time health
and fitness assessments in young populations.
