Résumé:
The main objective of this study is to identify the main risk factors for nosocomial
infections and to estimate the prevalence and the pathogenic bacteria responsible for these
infections in the neonatal unit of the (Mother / Child) of Mostaganem.
A total of 489 newborns admitted that 268 (or 54.81%) male and 221 (45.19%)
female, their average age is 5 days, and their weight ranges from 600g to 5000g where
average of 3439.2417 grams. The average length of stay was 5.42 days with a range of 1
day to 40 days. The mortality rate was 7.77%. 37.42% of neonates admitted had
hypothermia and 21.47% for those who had hyperthermia. 19.39% of the respondents had
a positive CRP, and 35.99 % of neonates admitted during our investigation have undergone
antibiotic therapy. Prematurity ranks first as principal diagnosis of hospitalization with 135
cases (27.61%) followed by jaundice with 107 cases (21.88%). The microorganisms most
frequently isolated were Gram-negative bacilli (77.78%), especially enterobacteria
(66.67%) that were dominated by Klebsiella pneuniae (33.33%), Gram positive Cocci were
isolated in (22.22%) cases and were dominated by Staphylococcus Aureus (16.67%). The
prevalence was 6.9%.
