Optimisation des facteurs influençant l’extraction des substances bioactives d’Origanum vulgareL. et ses applications comme biopesticide.

Abstract

The present study aims to propose alternative solutions based on the use of natural products "biopesticides", in order to fight against three cryptogamic and “bacterial” diseases. To meet this objective, we evaluated the antifungal and antibacterial activity of aqueous extracts and essential oils of Origanum vulgare on Alternaria alternata, Fusarium oxysporum, Botrytis cinerea and the bacterium Clavibacter michiganensis. The extraction of the active ingredients is carried out by two different methods, the first sub-critical water extraction and the second is hydro distillation. For subcritical water extraction, increasing the extraction time increases. The efficiency decreases as the extraction time increases. The efficacy of these aqueous extracts is dose dependent. On the other hand, essential of oregano exerts a very powerful boifugicidal power, the total inhibition of which is reached at a very low dose (20 μl/lm) for all the strains studied.