Résumé:
Algeria has experienced a drought period of more than ten years, the traditional water resources were insufficient to meet the needs of the population, which prompted the Algerian authorities to look for other resources in order to guarantee the supply of drinking water for each individual. Seawater desalination was the most appropriate solution and which did not depend on climatic hazards.
Although desalination has many benefits for humans, it can also lead to damage to the marine environment.
The main objective of our work is to assess the degree of pollution caused by the desalination plant at Sonacter Beach. Our study is based on the analysis of physic-chemical parameters and other pollution indicator parameters.
We carried out three sampling studies; they were in March 2024, April 2024 and May 2024, so that we could determine the influence of the desalination station on Sonacter beach. The physico-chemical parameters were analyzed, namely the temperature, the hydrogen potential, the conductivity and the salinity. And the other pollution parameters were determined in the laboratory.
The results obtained show that the discharges resulting from the desalination process significantly influence several parameters essential to the balance of the marine ecosystem, in particular the salinity rate of 36.8mg/l, the conductivity (54.1), the temperature 20.1°C., and the concentrations of chlorides (22480 mg/l), nitrates (0.23mg/l), nitrites (0.064 mg/l), and other polluting elements. It appeared that these discharges modify the immediate environment of the station, increasing the salinity and disturbing the chemical composition of the water.In conclusion, this study highlights the importance of finding a balance between the development of the infrastructure necessary to meet human needs and the preservation of the environment.
