Résumé:
Agriculture plays a vital role in Algeria's economic and social development, employing around 2.6 million people as agricultural workers, who represent more than 74% of the rural labor force and 24% of the national labor force. Moreover, it ensures the country's food security by covering more than 74% of the national needs for agricultural products. It is not only a source of food but also essential for achieving food security and sustainable development.
Algerian agriculture faces significant challenges due to harsh climatic conditions and limited water resources, but it remains a strategic sector. This study focuses on the role of agriculture in achieving food security and sustainable development in Algeria, with special attention to desert agriculture, which is an emerging and important field for the country's future as high-quality vegetables can grow well in desert areas. By using protective means such as shade cloth, greenhouses, low tunnels, and frost cloth to improve the environment surrounding the crop, and since desert agriculture is completely immune to drought disturbances, relying mainly on self-irrigation from underground water reserves and enjoying unique and sustainable natural advantages such as sunshine and appropriate thermal warmth throughout the four seasons, it qualifies it to be an effective pillar in economic recovery programs and plans to modernize the Algerian agricultural sector.
