Etude de la qualité de l’eau de mer de la région littorale de Mostaganem à travers deux bioindicateurs Mytilus galloprovincialis (Lmk) et Paracentrotus lividus (Lmk)

Abstract

These studies aim to evaluate the quality of coastal Western Mediterranean sea of Algeria. The studies consist on monitoring seasonal changes in biological (biometric and physiological) indices and observing of accumulation of heavy metals (Zn and Cu) in sediments and its bioavailability in certain sea species, the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis and sea urchins Paracentrotus lividus in three different sites Sidi Mejdoub, Willis (Mostaganem) and Shattered ship Beach (Algiers). The sampling lasted (From December 2013 to August 2014). The concentration of these metals has been determined by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry. The results of pollution level indices shows that the sites are in fact polluted and reveal the site of Willis is better compared to the two other sites. The seasonal changes of the biometric and physiological indices on the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis shows good growth of these species in Shattered ship Beach unlike the other samples taken from other sites. Meanwhile the results of the sea urchins show good growth of these species in Willis (Mostaganem) unlike the other sites. The changes of bioavailability levels of heavy metals have been discussed and we understand that these sea species are not polluted except that there is an excessive amount of Zn in sea urchin. Using biosediment factor can define the metals which are most accumulated regarding the studied species (Zn) and which species are most accumulated by metals (Mussel)