Usage de technologies modernes en apiculture (collecteur de venin automatisé).

Abstract

Precision beekeeping represents a promising path for the modernization of the beekeeping sector in Algeria. This work aims to assess the current situation of this practice through a statistical study conducted among beekeepers, and to compare the efficiency of two venom collector models: a classical model and an automated model. The survey, carried out via an online questionnaire, collected information on the beekeepers’ profiles, their experience, and their perception of modern technologies. In parallel, an experimental test was conducted on two colonies of Apis mellifera intermissa. The first device, of classical design, uses a fixed-electrode plate connected to a direct current source, while the second, automated one, integrates a microcontroller (ATmega 328P) that regulates voltage, programs the stimulation cycle, and allows remote control via Bluetooth. Statistical results showed a growing interest in innovation, but one hindered by equipment costs and lack of training. Experimentally, the automated collector produced an average of 0.21 g of venom per hive compared to 0.10 g with the classical model, with a significantly lower bee mortality rate (0.001% vs. 0.02%). These results confirm the relevance of precision beekeeping for sustainable and colony-friendly production, while highlighting the need for technical and economic support for its development in Algeria.