Qualités nutritionnelles et organoleptiques des viandes et des oeufs de volailles locales. Influence du sexe et des génotypes

Abstract

Previous work has shown that genetics and sex have an effect on weight parameters of broilers, the nutritional and organoleptic qualities of the meat as well as eggs. In this work, we study the effect of Na Na genotype and sex on zootechnical performance and weight of the chicken, as well as on the nutritional and organoleptic qualities of the meat and eggs. The Naked-Neck chickens have significantly different live weights (P <0.05) compared with Isa Hubbard chickens (1515g vs. 2240g). The Naked neck meat protein content is slightly higher than that of Isa Hubbard (22.82 g vs. 22.66 g) with higher proportions for almost all essential amino acids in the male than in the female, except threonine and phenylalanine. The meat of Naked Neck chickens has slightly higher contents of iron and calcium compared with those of Isa Hubbard meats. However, the contents of phosphorus and manganese are more important in male than in female chickens in both genotypes. We also noted that the Naked Neck meats are harder and firmer compared to Isa Hubbard meat regardless of sex. The naked neck meat comprises fat-soluble vitamin content comparable with respect to those of Isa Hubbard meats. Naked neck chickens have higher contents PUFA compared to Isa Hubbard chickens. Similarly, AGI including oleic, linoleic and linolenic are in greater proportion in the muscles of male chickens in both genotypes The iron and phosphorus levels are higher in the naked neck eggs than Isa Hubbard.