Etude clinique et exploration de quelques biomarqueurs du cancer du côlon à l’institut pasteur d’Oran.

Abstract

Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer in the world in both sexes. 400 000 deaths from colorectal cancer are recorded each year. This type of cancer is increasingly becoming a major public health problem in Algeria. The tumour markers used in the management of colorectal cancer are neither cancer-specific nor organ-specific. Our work focused on the study of some risk factors that may be related to colon cancer and proposed to evaluate and show the interest of the carcino embryonic antigen (CEA) and carcinoma antigen (CA 19-9) assay in colorectal cancer. This part of the study concerns the 132 patients at the Pasteur Institute of Oran directed by Dr Belhabri L. Our prospective work concerned 95 patients with colorectal cancer, managed by the Pasteur Institute in Oran over a 24-month period from January 2018 to December 2019. The results obtained revealed a slight male predominance with a sex ratio of 1.05 with an average age at diagnosis of our patients for both sexes combined is 52.94 ± 0.7 years. The results obtained show that the wilaya of Oran occupies the first class compared to the other wilayas of western Algeria by their incidence of affected persons with 20.2%, and for the results of the socio-professional status we observed that it is the senior managers and middle managers are the most affected is 73%, and for the unemployed is 19% and for the retired 8%. The results of the serological markers (ACE and CA 19-9) of colon cancer are carried out on 95 patients at the antenna of the Pasteur Institute of Oran in January 2018 until December 2019, has allowed us to identify a number of 37 patients with colon cancer. The results obtained show that the average CA 19-9 level in patients increases according to the grade and for the average ACE level as expected for grade 3 and largely higher compared to the second grade. The results obtained from this study give us more information on the epidemiological situation of colon cancer in western Algeria. To this end, it would be very interesting to carry out a nutritional survey in order to determine the important role of diet in the etiology of this type of cancer.