Evaluation de l'activité neuroprotectrice de la Gelée Royale sur la maladie d’Alzheimer Etude «in vivo»

Abstract

Alzheimer’s disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects the brain. It is the leading cause of dementia and cognitive decline in the elderly. Some studies have shown that royal jelly, thanks to its beneficial natural components, may help support brain health and prevent the cognitive decline associated with Alzheimer’s disease. This research aims to study the neuroprotective effect of royal jelly against Alzheimer’s disease through an experiment conducted on NMRI mice. The mice were divided into five groups: a control group, an Alzheimer’s model group, two groups treated with royal jelly at two different doses (150 and 300 mg/kg), and a reference group treated with rivastigmine at a dose of 1.5 mg/kg. The experimental protocol was carried out in two phases: The first phase consisted of a 45-day treatment period during which the mice received daily doses of royal jelly (150 and 300 mg/kg) as well as rivastigmine (1.5 mg/kg) via intragastric gavage. The second phase involved the induction of Alzheimer’s disease through oral administration of aluminum chloride (100 mg/kg) combined with D-galactose (120 mg/kg) via intraperitoneal injection over the following 45 days. Subsequently, neurological tests were performed, including memory and behavioral assessments, as well as histological examinations of the brain, particularly in the hippocampus and cortex. The neurological tests showed positive results in terms of reduced anxiety and improved behavioral activity in Alzheimer’s model mice treated with royal jelly at doses of 150 and 300 mg/kg, compared to the untreated Alzheimer’s model group. Memory test results also indicated that mice treated with royal jelly at these doses showed significant recovery, with improvements in memory and learning ability. As for the histological study, both doses demonstrated positive effects; examination of brain tissues (hippocampus and cortex) revealed that royal jelly helped reduce neuronal damage and improve tissue structure. These results suggest that royal jelly has promising neuroprotective properties against the cognitive decline associated with Alzheimer’s disease.