L’effet antibactérien et anticoccidien de l’Arthrospira plantensis (spiruline) sur la flore digestive du poulet de chair (Étude in vitro)

Abstract

The use of many medicinal plants and fresh water alga by humans is an ancient practice, and still nowadays, regarding their valuable properties and compositions. The Spisulina is a micro alga with interesting therapeutic actions. Its seeds have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and laxative effects due to their compositions such as omégas3, Vitamin E, Phycocyanine and B-carotene. The objective of this study is to evaluate the in vitro antibacterial effect of several commensals and pathogenic bacterial strains in poultry (E.coli, Enterobacter sp, Proteus mirabilis, S.typhi, S.typhimirium, S.enteritidis, S.gallinarum, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Listeria monocytogenes, S.aureus), and anticoccidial (Eimeria sp) of deferent spirulina extracts: ethanolic crude extract, methanolic crude extract, acetonic crude extract, and oil compared to many antibiotics. The obtained results showed better sensibility of the studied strains to ethanol end methanolic crude extract than to the other crude extracts. Ethanolic and methanolic crude extracts have high inhibitory zones on all bacteria strains and wer better than many antibiotics. Ethanolic crude extract and oil have a remarkable lethal effect on the Eimeria sp similar to the anticoccidial effect at 0.2g/ml concentration, which had reduced the highest number of oocysts. In conclusion, in addition to its nutritional value for both animals and humans, dietary supplementation with spirulina can be recommended as an anti-parasitic and antimicrobial treatment.