Synthèse sur l'effet du plomb sur le comportement biochimique de deux espèces d’Atriplex : Atriplex halimus L. et Atriplex canacsens (Pursh)

Abstract

Atriplex canescens (Pursh) Nutt., And Atriplex halimus L. are well adapted to extreme environmental conditions and exhibit heavy metal accumulating properties. Our study consists in making a synthesis in the form of a comparison of the biochemical behavior of two species of Atriplex: Atriplex canescens and Atriplex halimus L. under the effect of three doses (0, 5000 and 10000 ppm) of lead, through analysis of chlorophyll, proline and soluble sugars which are accepted as biomarkers of resistance to abiotic stresses, as well as the determination of lead and mineral elements (sodium and potassium) in the leaves and roots of Atriplex plants. The results obtained by Babou., (2014), Khedim (2019) and Ouini (2012) Show that the presence of lead in the soil directly affects Atriplex, resulting in a decrease in the chlorophyll content (chl a , chl b and chl t) in the two Atriplex species exposed to different lead concentrations (5000 and 10000 ppm) compared to the controls where the decrease is more significant in Atriplex halimus, thus an increase in the synthesis of sugars soluble in the leaves compared to the roots in Atriplex canescens and the opposite in Atriplex halimus. Under stress, both Atriplex species accumulate more proline and mineral elements (sodium and potassium) in the leaves than in the roots. In addition, the Pb contents recorded in the aerial parts reflect the lower concentrations compared to the roots of Atriplex plants, whose accumulation of this metal is greater in Atriplex canescens compared to Atriplex halimus.