Activité neuroprotectrice de la propolis sur la maladie d’Alzheimer « étude in vivo »

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease is an irreversible neurodegenerative pathology that causes a progressive and definitive alteration of nerve cells, characterized by a progressive decline in cognitive functions. The objective of this study was to evaluate the neuroprotective activity of propolis on Alzheimer's disease in female NMRI mice. For this study, mice were divided into five groups as follows: T, Alz, Alz-TrD1, Alz-TrD2 and STD. The experimental protocol is divided into two phases; the first one represent the preventive treatment which consist in the administration of a 6.67% water-based aqueous solution of propolis at concentrations of 150 and 300mg/ml by intragastric route for 45 days. The second phase is based on the induction of Alzheimer's disease by the oral administration of aluminum chloride (AlCl3) at 100mg/kg and D-galactose at 120mg/kg intraperitoneally for the following 45 days. The demonstration of the efficacy of the selected beekeeping product is based on neurological tests and on the histological study of brain tissue. The results of the memory tests obtained show an improvement of the learning and memorization capacity in Alzheimer's mice treated with the aqueous solution of propolis at 300mg/kg (Alz-TrD2) compared to the Alzheimer's model mice (Alz). Concerning the behavioral tests, the results indicated a lower and less intense state of anxiety in the mice treated with the aqueous solution of propolis at 150mg/kg (Alz-TrD1) and 300mg/kg (Alz-TrD2) than in the Alzheimer model mice (Alz). The results of histological study showed a significant and remarkable improvement of the tissues in the Alzheimer mice treated with the aqueous propolis solution at 300mg/kg (Alz-TrD2) compared to the Alzheimer model mice (Alz).Finally, from what we found as results we can conclude that the aqueous solution of propolis could probably be a new source of bioactive molecules in neuroprotection of Alzheimer's disease.