Effet neuroprotecteur de l’extrait éthanolique des graines d’Apium graveolens L. sur la maladie d’Alzheimer -étude expérimentale chez la souris NMRI-

Abstract

Aluminum chloride (AlCl₃) is recognized for its neurotoxic effects, particularly through the induction of oxidative stress, neuronal inflammation, and cognitive impairment. In this context, medicinal plants rich in antioxidant compounds have attracted increasing interest for the prevention of neurodegenerative diseases. Among them, Apium graveolens L. (celery) is an important source of flavonoids, polyphenols, and essential oils with neuroprotective properties.The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective and therapeutic effects of A. graveolens seed extract against AlCl₃-induced neurotoxicity in an Alzheimer’s disease-like experimental model in NMRI mice. The animals were subjected to chronic intoxication with AlCl₃ combined with D-galactose and were treated orally with celery seed extract.The results revealed the occurrence of neurological disorders characterized by memory deficits, learning impairment, and behavioral alterations in intoxicated animals. Histological analyses demonstrated brain lesions affecting particularly the cerebral cortex and hippocampus. In contrast, the groups treated with A. graveolens seed extract showed a significant attenuation of behavioral and histopathological alterations, indicating a neuroprotective effect against induced neurodegeneration.These findings suggest that A. graveolens seeds, owing to their richness in antioxidant bioactive compounds, represent a promising source of neuroprotective agents that may contribute to the prevention and attenuation of neurodegenerative disorders. Further studies are required to better understand their mechanisms of action and to confirm their therapeutic potential.