Tests de susceptibilité moléculaire et phénotypique des antituberculeux au Gabon, performances des tests MTBDRplus, MTBDRsl et SIRE

Abstract

Tuberculosis is one of the most infectious diseases with the highest rate of contagiousness in the world. It is caused by bacteria of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, which predominantly attacks the lungs, but can also attack other organs in humans or certain animals. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that 2 billion people are infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, with about 9 million people each year sick with tuberculosis, with 3 million deaths. The figures are more alarming in Africa where the rate is 1,500 deaths per day on average. This increase is mainly due to co-infection with HIV, which is the main factor limiting the eradication of this disease in Africa. Another factor limiting the eradication of tuberculosis is the presence of multidrug-resistant strains of anti-tuberculosis drugs. This is why our study, which consists in carrying out tests of susceptibility to anti-tuberculosis drugs in Gabon, is very important. In this study, we evaluated the performance of some tests, including MTBDRplus, MTBDRs1 and SIRE. It emerges that these tests allow us to establish a rapid diagnosis of the susceptibility of strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to certain antituberculous drugs.