Evaluation de l'activité antifongique de l'extrait méthanoïque de plante d'Atriplex halimus vis-à-vis de colletotrichum sp, agent de l'anthracnose des agrumes

Abstract

Citrus anthracnose, caused by Colletotrichum sp., is a fungal disease that can cause considerable damage to citrus trees. If not treated promptly and effectively, it can reduce crop yields. However, there are general disadvantages associated with chemical treatments, including the risk of toxicity to the environment and humans. To evaluate the antifungal efficacy of the methanolic extract of the Atriplex halimus L. plant against the fungus Colletotrichum sp., responsible for citrus anthracnose, through in vitro assays, the aim was to measure the inhibitory power of this extract on mycelial growth and sporulation of the pathogen, with a view to proposing a natural alternative to conventional chemical treatments. A microscopic study allowed us to distinguish the presence of hyaline, unicellular conidia, spindle-shaped to slightly falcate. For the evaluation of the antifungal activity of the methanoic extract (by maceration) of the Atriplex halimus plant on Colletotrichum sp, the results indicate a decrease in the diameter of the treated colonies, a progressive decrease in growth rate as the extract concentrations increase, and a total inhibition of mycelial growth as well as sporulation at concentrations of 50 and 100 mg/ml. High doses of the methanolic extract of the Atriplex halimus L plant cause a complete inhibition of fungal development.