Valorisation des activités biologiques des huiles essentielles de deux plantes aromatiques : Tetraclinis articulata et Thuya occidentalis

Abstract

The study focused on two aromatic medicinal plants, Tetraclinis articulata, from the Sidi Lakhdar region (Mostaganem), and Thuya occidentalis, from the wilaya of Relizane. The aim was to examine their phytochemical composition and assess their biological activities, in particular their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Extraction of the essential oils by hydrodistillation revealed a higher yield for T. articulata (0.27%) than for T. occidentalis (0.1%). Spectrophotometric analysis of bioactive compounds showed a high polyphenol content in the essential oil of T. articulata (69.76 ± 9.3 mg EQAG/mL) compared with 31.58 ± 5.0 mgEQAG/mL for T. occidentalis. Flavonoids were similar in both species, while condensed tannins were present in comparable proportions. Antioxidant activities, assessed by DPPH and FRAP methods, confirmed a correlation with the concentration of bioactive compounds. Anti-inflammatory activity, measured by inhibition of protein denaturation, showed promising results, with maximum efficacy for T. articulata (59.74%) and T. occidentalis (56.21%). These results highlight the therapeutic potential of essential oils, particularly that of T. articulata, for use in phytotherapy and natural food supplements.