Effet du Plomb sur la Germination et la Croissance et la Biomasse de l’Haricot (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

Abstract

This study is part of the field of environmental protection and more particularly the standardization of cultivated soils and vegetable In order to test the sensitivity of the bean against toxicity to heavy metals, the seed of sprouting test in petri dishes on filter paper as well as the evaluation of the growth parameters, namely the biometrics of the stems and roots , leaf number and aerial part biomass were determined in lead metal stress at different concentrations (50, 150, 200 ppm). The results reveal that the percentage of the sprouting power is positive with respect to all the concentrations with a slight sensitivity to the Pb concentration of 200 ppm, the percentage of the sprouting inhibition power of which is 15%. The average values on the biometrics of the stems show that the growth is not affected. However, this growth is delayed when compared with the controls for a growth period of 7 weeks. The average number of leaves decreases slightly with higher concentrations (23 against 26 in the controls). The average of the length of the roots indicates to us that Phaseolus vulgaris behaves differently compared to the aerial part because the sensitivity of the roots to lead is moderate according to the concentrations whose resistance is high for the concentration 50 ppm of Pb. Biomass data confirms to us that Phaseolus vulgaris tolerate the concentrations of Pb put to the exposure. Beyond 200 ppm the sensitivity is triggered. The accumulation of Pb at the Phaseolus vulgaris level must be checked at the level of the consumable parts in order to estimate the toxicity in the consumer of the bean in the long term