Intérêt de la chimie des urines dans le diagnostic des infections urinaires

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of urine dipsticks for the rapid diagnosis of urinary tract infections (UTIs) by comparing their results with those of traditional urine culture methods. The study population consists of 68 patients, with a majority of women (61.76%) and a minority of men (38.24%). The analysis focused on various urine chemical parameters, as well as urine culture results and microscopic observations. The results showed significant correlations between chemical parameters and the types of bacteria identified. Escherichia coli was the most frequent bacterium (41.5%), particularly present in urine with low specific gravity and acidic pH. Enterococcus (27%) was associated with the presence of glucose and proteins but absent in the presence of nitrites. Streptococcus (7.7%) showed a correlation with high pH and the presence of leukocytes. Staphylococcus (7.7%) was more frequent at a pH above 5.5 and high density but absent in the presence of blood. Klebsiella (6.2%) was present in the absence of proteins and at acidic pH. Candida was entirely absent at pH ≤ 6.25 but present at pH > 6.25. Pseudomonas was mainly present at a specific gravity above 1027.5. Neisseria was absent in the absence of red blood cells, in the presence of proteins, and at specific gravity ≤ 1017.5 but present with red blood cells (3.4%), without proteins (9.1%), and at specific gravity > 1017.5 (14.3%). These correlations confirm that urine dipsticks can provide valuable and rapid indications of UTIs, facilitating quick and effective patient management.