Cancer du sang ; étude phénotypique et biologique de la leucémie Lymphoïde chronique

Abstract

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia is the most common leukemia in adults in the West, with a clear male predominance. It results from a proliferation with malignant monoclonal accumulation of mature B lymphocytes with invasion of the bone marrow, blood and other hematopoietic organs. The disease is linked as much to a lack of apoptosis as to excessive proliferation. In our work, we carried out an epidemiological study including the patients diagnosed at the level of hematological service CHU of Mostaganem over a period of 3 years (2020 - 2023) by means of an exploitation sheet including epidemiological criteria, clinical, therapeutic and evolutionary out of 20 patients recruited, we noted a slight male predominance (sex ratio equal to 1.85) and The distribution of cases according to age allows us to note a high frequency for the age group from 40 to 50 years for patients with CLL, Family situation and blood group (O+ positive 50%) has no impact on the pathology, but it has an immense importance in terms of moral support for these patients. Biologically, the rate of lymphocytes is very high and this in all patients and for the different stages of CLL, while red blood cells and platelets represent a normal rate in the early stages of the disease, this rate decreases progressively. as the disease progresses leading to anemia and thrombocytopenia, Clinically At diagnosis, 5 patients were at binet stage A, 4 patients were at stage B, 11 patients were at stage C. Chronic Lymphoid Leukemia (CLL) is a blood disease with a heterogeneous clinical course: one third of patients will never require treatment, one third is symptomatic and requires treatment from the outset and the last third will be treated during follow-up. This heterogeneity is related to the characteristics of the tumor cell, in particular