Statut de la vitamine D chez les diabétiques de type 2 dans la localité de Mostaganem

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is a chronic endocrine disorder characterized by continuous hyperglycemia due to the ineffective action of insulin on its target cells (liver, muscles, adipose tissue). The incidence of type 2 diabetes is increasing at an alarming rate worldwide. Diabetes is considered to be the fourth leading cause of death in the world. Vitamin D is a prehormone synthesized mainly in the epidermis from its precursor 7dehydrocholesterol under the effect of ultraviolet B (UVB) rays. The main and bestknown function of vitamin D is to maintain calcium and phosphorus homeostasis and to promote bone mineralization thanks to its active form, calcitriol by genomic action. The discovery of calcitriol receptors in tissues without a direct role in phosphocalcic homeostasis such as pancreatic β cells prompted the scientific community to think of a possible role for this hormone in pancreatic function as well as in insulin synthesis. Its deficiency is found to have repercussions on carbohydrate homeostasis. The objective of this work was to assess the status of vitamin D in people with type 2 diabetes through the assay of some biological parameters. We performed a biological assessment including the determination of 25 (OH) vitamin D, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and blood sugar in 54 patients (14 men and 40 women) with type 2 diabetes aged from 25 over 60 years. The results obtained reveal a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in these diabetic patients, most of whom are women (74% of the study population) and presenting unbalanced diabetes with glycated hemoglobin or high blood sugar levels. The evidence for a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in our diabetic patients shows that there is a strong positive association between type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and vitamin D.