Etude du profil biochimique chez des femmes enceintes obèses de la région de Mostaganem

Abstract

Obesity is a growing health problem that continues to increase in all countries of the world. It is defined by a Body Mass Index (BMI) greater than or equal to 30 kg/m². During pregnancy, obesity increases the risk of maternal complications. The objective of our study is to determine the biochemical profile, the risk factors as well as the complications related to obesity in pregnant women in the regionof Mostaganem. The study was carried out at the Lalla Kheira Maternity Hospital (Mostaganem) over a period of 1 month. We have included 74 pregnant women including: 10 healthy women, 19 overweight women and 45 obese women. The average age of the studied population was 31.64 years ±0.78. A questionnaire consisting of 24 items was used. All physical parameters (BMI, IMG, ideal weight, weight gain) were determined. The biochemical profile was thus analyzed by measuring glucose level, urea, creatinine, and transaminases ASAT (aspartate-amine-transferase) and ALAT (alanine-amine-transferase). Our results show that:  BMI, FMI (Fat Mass Index) and ideal weight increase significantly (p<0.001) and gradually in the groups of overweight, obese class 1, obese class 2 and obese class 3 respectively.  Among the 45 obese pregnant women, 44.44% presented with class 1 obesity, 31.11% class 2 and 24.44% class 3.  97.78% of the obese population do not exercise any physical activity.  Obesity is associated with a modification of the biochemical profile represented mainly by hyperglycemia (28.89%), a variation in creatinine (11%), in the concentration of urea (6.67%), in ASAT concentration (17.78%) as well as a variation of ALAT (2.22%). Our results show that during pregnancy, obesity could be associated with several complications as well as a modification of the biochemical profile.