Evaluation de l’effet anti-inflammatoire de quelques nanoparticules biosynthétisées -Etude in vivo-

Abstract

While synthetic anti-inflammatory drugs are effective, their side effects necessitate the exploration of safer alternatives, such as bioactive nanoparticles. This study evaluates the in vivo anti-inflammatory potential of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) biosynthesized from Myrtus communis L. leaf aqueous extract, using a carrageenan-induced paw edema model in mice. Groups included untreated control (Inf), standard control (STD: diclofenac 50mg/kg), and both therapeutic (D01 CR: 150 mg/kg; D02 CR: 300 mg/kg) and prophylactic (D01 PR: 150 mg/kg; D02 PR: 300 mg/kg) ZnO NP doses. Edema inhibition was assessed via percentage increase (%AUG) and inhibition (%INH), complemented by FTIR analysis and histological examination of paw tissues. Therapeutic administration revealed a worthy response with D02 CR (300 mg/kg) exhibiting significant edema reduction (%AUG and %INH) comparable to the STD group. Prophylactic treatment showed delayed but notable efficacy at the 5th hour, with the higher dose (D02 PR: 300 mg/kg) also yielding good results. Histological analysis confirmed these findings, demonstrating reduced paw edema and leukocyte infiltration, particularly at the higher therapeutic dose (D02 CR). FTIR analysis confirmed ZnO NP formation and identified characteristic functional groups associated with bioactive phytoconstituents from the extract, likely responsible for the NPs’ anti-inflammatory activity.These results highlight the promising anti-inflammatory properties of Myrtus communis L.-synthesized ZnO NPs, with therapeutic doses showing efficacy akin to conventional drugs. The prophylactic effect, though slower, suggests potential for preventive applications. Further pharmacological investigations are warranted to elucidate underlying mechanisms.