Gestion de l’irrigation par tensiométrie (cas du tensiomètre WaterMark)

Abstract

Irrigation is very useful for agricultural production, but it requires good management by applying the necessary quantities of water at the right time. This makes it possible to avoid excess water, on the one hand, and constraining water stresses for crops, on the other hand. One of the technological solutions that optimizes the control of irrigation is tensiometry, which is based on threshold values of the matrix potential of the soil for triggering and stopping watering. Nevertheless, technical questions must be solved in order to efficiently apply the tensiometers (position and depth of measurement). It is in this perspective that our course, which took place at the level of the analysis laboratory of soil I.N.S.I.D, El Matmar, Relizane. It allowed us to monitor the evolution of the hydric state of a soil cultivated by tensiometric and gravimetric measurements An analysis will be made using the evolution of the zero flow plan in paragraphs, this makes it possible to ensure a consistency of the load changes, which is very important to validate the data. It is possible, however, to hypothesize that the root development is probably less important from the depth (45 cm) than has been induced by a less active exploration of the deep layers, since the loads remain low at this depth In terms of irrigation management, for proper steering, it seems that the surface layer is the place adapted to the location of the Tensiometer responsible for stopping irrigation. Consequently, the lower layer where the root system develops is adapted to the tensiometer responsible for stopping the irrigation.