Effet combiné de la salinité et métaux lourds (Cuivre et Zinc) sur la germination de la fève (Vicia faba L.)

Abstract

At present, salinity and soil pollution are the most studied environmental problems. In this context, the present work aims to monitor the effects of salt, metal, copper and zinc stress and combined stress on the germination of the Vicia faba L. bean, in order to pronounce on its germinability under these conditions. The germination was carried out in vitro, the seeds are germinated at a temperature of 23°C, in the presence of the solutions stressed at different concentrations: solution of NaCl (0, 100, 200 meq), metallic solution with copper sulfate (0, 100, 300, 500 ppm) and sulfate of zinc (0, 300, 500, 700 ppm) and finally the combined solutions. For a period of 21 days of experience. The physiological analysis showed the inhibitory effect of NaCl at the dose of 200 meq. The effect of the metals was beneficial at the initiation of germination with a germination rate higher than 90% for all the concentrations used except the case combined with 200 meq in NaCl with a germination rate reduced to 30% for both metals. The results obtained show that the seeds of Vicia faba L., tolerate the salt at a concentration of 100 meq and that copper and zinc are indispensable metals for the initiation of germination. The plant material used is a good indicator of soil contamination by excess salt and heavy metals during seed germination, as they have properties sensitive to these abiotic constraints.