Etude expérimentale de l’effet thérapeutique de l’huile de pélargonium gravelens contre les infections mammaires bovins par Staphylococcus aureus

Abstract

Mastitis remains at the beginning of the 21st century one of the major plagues of dairy farming. They constitute a major pathology of the dairy farming as well by their frequency as by the losses which they entail. Our study has for objective to determine the experimental study of the therapeutic effect of the essential oil of pelargonium gravelens against the Bovine mammary infections due to Staphylococcus aureus. Two strains from different origins (strain of clinical origin and reference strain) are used in this study for the in vitro evaluation of the antibacterial activity of the essential oil of the medicinal plant Geranium rosat. extracted by hydrodistillation. The activity of the essential oil was compared with that of the action of four antibiotics vis-à-vis Staphylococcus aureus strains (clinical origin is the strain of references). They have been tested for their antibacterial power by the disc method. The results of the antimicrobial activities demonstrated that the essential oil of pelargonium gravelens at a concentration of 4ʯl to 6ʯl, has a good inhibitory activity, with a bactericidal action and a curative treatment, very fast compared to the dose of 2ʯl for a spread treatment in 4 times. On the other hand, the four antibiotics, have only a blocking activity and a less rapid sensitivity towards the two strains staphylococcus aureus (reference and clinical). From the results obtained, geranium has been shown to have the best antimicrobial activity and it can be concluded that essential oils of Geranium rosat have a faster antibacterial activity than antibiotics against the bacterial strain staphylococcus aureus of clinical origin and the reference strain..