Physiologie de la germination des grains Atriplex halimus L. et Atriplex canescens (Pursh) Nutt. Cas Mostaganem et Oran

Abstract

The search for plants more suitable for drought and salinity is a fundamental issue in the coming decades. The Atriplex is a renewable wealth and they present a great deal of flexibility towards abiotic stresses, they are assessed for their potential ecological and food use. The proposed work of the two species of Atriplex, Atriplexhalimus L. and Atriplexcanescens conducted as a result of several stresses. The work carried out in this memory on both species (Atriplexhalimus L. and Atriplexcanescens (pursh) nutt.), concluded that the response of seeds to different treatments was variable and that germination physiology was identified. The results show that: Germination of the atriplexhalimus seeds was faster in light, reaching a rate of 100% on the fourth day. Atriplexcanescens germinated over twenty-four days to reach a rate of 83.33%. A four-day delay in germination and a very low germination rate on the fifth day of 13.33%. Darkness delays the germination of the 13-day Atriplexhalimus seeds. The first two days germinate a relatively low rate of 10%. For L 'Atriplexcanescenss germination marks a four-day delay, with a low germination rate of 6.6% on the fifth day. Germination reaches 80% the eighteenth day. The halimus seed of halimus in cold treatment of fifteen and thirty days showed no favorable response to low germination rates and delayed germination. 3 days cold treatment negatively affects the germination of Atriplexcanescens grains with a rate of only 16.66%. Saline stresse had low concentrations 100 and 200 meq did not affect the germination of atriplexhalimus seeds beyond 300 meq and 400 meq observed a decrease in germination rate. Germination of Atriplexhalimus seeds is seriously affected by high levels of salinity, with a rate of 3.33% and 10% for treatments of 500 and 600 meq. Delay and low germination rate of Atriplexcanescens at treatments of 100.200 and 300 meq No germination was recorded for the treatment of 500 and 600 meq. The temperature of 25 ° c is the most favorable for the germination of the atriplexhalimus seeds followed by the temperature of 15 ° c. The low temperature 4 ° c is a temperature that negatively affects the germination of the seeds of this species with a rate of only 10%. The same results have been observed for germination of the species. seeds the species Atriplexcanescens except for temperature 4 ° c which inhibits almost germination of seeds with a delay of ten days and only 3%.