Impact sur le dosage de l’HbA1c des paramètres hormonaux à la ménopause (FSH-LH) chez les diabétiques de type 2

Abstract

In this study, 120 women aged 33 to 56 years, all with type 2 diabetes for more than one year, were selected according to strict criteria. The objective was to evaluate the effect of different phases of menopause on blood glucose and hormones. Participants were divided into four groups: pre-menopause, peri-menopause, menopause, and post-menopause. This classification was validated by hormonal assays (FSH and LH), and for post-menopausal women, by the absence of menstruation for at least 12 months. All women also had a recent HbA1c measurement, allowing reliable assessment of their glycemic control. The results show a progressive increase in HbA1c (p<0.01), rising from 5.6% before menopause to 8.0% in peri-menopause, then reaching 8.1% in post-menopause, accompanied by an elevation (p<0.01) in fasting blood glucose from 0.92 g/L (before menopause) to 1.68 g/L (during menopause). In parallel, FSH and LH levels increased significantly (p<0.01) after entering menopause, reaching 166.6 mIU/mL and 72.9 mIU/mL respectively in post-menopause. These changes reflect a growing metabolic imbalance throughout the hormonal transition. Statistical analysis reveals a moderate but significant correlation between hormonal variations and glycemic control markers, highlighting the influence of endocrine changes on type 2 diabetes management in women.